Sokho (also Sokhoh, suco, suqo, Sokoh transliterations of Greek, not with initial Sh; שוכה, and שוכו שכה in Biblical Hebrew, Mishnaic סוכו in Hebrew) is the name of two cities in the biblical tribe of Judah, ie the region of Judea.
A city was near Hebron, in the double tel called Khirbet Shuwaikah Fauka and Tahta (Upper and Lower Shuwaikah), 6 km southwest of Eshtamoa (Joshua 15:48). The other is on the lower mountain region (the Shephelah), She Valley between Adullam and Azekah (Joshua 15:35).
The Bible also mentions a Sokho in the Sharon region Hefer (1 Kings 04:10).
The Philistines encamped in the valley between Sokho She and Azekah before the meeting of David and Goliath (1 Samuel 17:1). Rehoboam fortified the place (2 Chronicles 11:7). She was one of the cities temporarily occupied by the Philistines in the time of Ahaz (2 Chronicles 28:18).
The word “Sokho” appears on some variations during the Judean monarchy, believed by many scholars to be one of the four cities that served as administrative headquarters.
Rabbi Antigonus of Mishnaic Sokho mentioned in Ethics of the Fathers (Pirkei Avot 1:3), probably came from the city of Hebron in the region. Rabbi Levi Sukia, the first generation of Amoraim also came from Sokho (Jerusalem Talmud, Eruvim).
In bizantinam was sometimes Eusebius describes Sokho (Σοκχωθ) as a village on March ninth double between Eleutheropolis (Bet Guvrin) and Jerusalem (Eusebius, Onom. 156:18 ff.), Which correspond to the location of the Valley of Elah. The Madaba map also depicts Sokho (Σωκω) in this region.
The ruins of the biblical city are high on a hill right in front of the Valley of Elah, which guarantee the Philistines who lived there a privileged position, along with the city of Azeqa putting farmers in Hebrew constant threat, what cuminou with the battle between David and Goliath.
According to the scriptures, after the victory of the Hebrews, and Sukho Azeqa were looted after the victory of David and the Israelites.
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